Russia Fires Warning Shots at Turkish Boat

Russia reported that it fired warning shots Sunday at a Turkish fishing boat in the Aegean Sea. The Russian defense ministry said the crew of the military ship could not contact the fishing boat by radio. The fishing boat failed to respond to flares fired from the Russian ship, as well as other signals, the ministry said. The statement said warning shots were fired when the fishing ship came as close as 600 meters from the Russian military ship. Tension is high between Turkey and Russia. A Turkish jet downed a Russian military airplane along the Syrian border last month. Two Russian airmen died in the incident. The Russian military has bombed Islamic State militants in Syria, say Russian officials. But some U.S. officials say Russia has bombed Syrians who oppose President Bashar al-Assad. Turkish Foreign Minister Mevlut Cavusoglu spoke to Turkish reporters about the fishing boat incident. The Turkish government will interview crew members of the fishing ship before making a formal statement, Cavusoglu said. “We want to overcome tensions through dialogue,” he added. Sunday’s incident was in the northern Aegean, about 22 kilometers from the Greek island of Lemnos, according to the Russian defense ministry.   This report was based on a story appearing on VOANews.com. Bruce Alpert adapted the story for Learning English. Kathleen Struck was the editor. What do you think about this development? Please let us know in the Comments section and on our Facebook page, thanks! ________________________________________________________________ Words in This Story   respond – v. to answer; to say something in reaction to something else tension – n. a state in which people, groups, countries, etc., disagree with and feel anger toward each other interview – v. to ask questions in an effort to gather information We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments Section or share your views on our Facebook Page.  

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Saudi Elections Include Women for First Time

At least 17 women have won seats on city councils in Saudi Arabia in historic elections. The election on Saturday was the first open to women voters and candidates in the kingdom’s history. Elections of any kind are rare in Saudi Arabia. This was only the third time people were able to vote for representatives on city councils. In 2011, the kingdom’s ruler, King Abdullah, said women would be able to vote. Abdullah died in January. He was replaced by King Salman. On Sunday, the U.S. State Department called the elections historic. It said “the participation of women represents an important step forward in Saudi Arabia toward a more inclusive electoral process that will ensure all citizens are represented in a government accountable to all Saudi citizens.” Salma bint Hizab al-Oteibi won a council seat in Madrakah, a city about 150 kilometers north of Mecca. She defeated seven men and two women for the position. There were 6,000 candidates for 2,000 positions open, reported Human Rights Watch. Nine hundred of those candidates were women. It said distant registration centers made it difficult for some women to register. Also, many women in Saudi Arabia do not have identification documents. Those documents are needed to register and vote. Still, Saudi officials said about 130,000 women registered to vote. That is about 10 percent of the number of men who are registered. Sarah Leah Whitson is the Middle East director for Human Rights Watch. She noted that it is difficult for “women to participate and build on this progress to create momentum for further women’s rights reforms” in Saudi Arabia. She said that is because of the continuing political and cultural separation of women and men in the country. I’m Mario Ritter.    This story was published on VOANews.com. Christopher Jones-Cruise adapted it for Learning English. Kathleen Struck was the editor. We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments Section or on our Facebook page. ________________________________________________________________ Words in This Story   participation - n. involvement accountable – adj. required to explain actions or decisions to someone (usually + to) momentum – n. the strength or force that allows something to continue or to grow stronger or faster as time passes

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VOA English Newscast 2200 UTC: December 14, 2015

  From Washington, this is VOA News.       I’m Dave DeForest reporting. U.S. Secretary of State John Kerry joins talks in Paris. Foreign ministers from European and Arab nations are discussing the battle against the Islamic State and efforts to foster a political resolution to the situation in Syria. Diplomats are trying to build momentum for a meeting Friday in New York that would include U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon and his envoy for Syria, Staffan de Mistura. They want a foundation for a ceasefire and a political process based on last month's Vienna agreement to begin peace talks by January 1. Secretary Kerry will use a visit to Russia Tuesday to plan for Friday's meeting of the International Syria Support Group. The official said Kerry also will discuss efforts to get full implementation of the Minsk agreement, which includes a cease-fire in eastern Ukraine and a withdrawal of heavy weapons by both the Ukrainian government and Russian-backed separatists. President Barack Obama says he is "confident" the U.S.-led coalition will prevail in its battle against the Islamic State. Speaking at the Pentagon Monday following a meeting with his national security team, the president said IS is losing ground. “Despite winning six out of 30…” Apparently, we’ll have some trouble bringing you that. We’ll try some time later. Mr. Obama announced no change in strategy. Egypt issued a preliminary report Monday, saying its investigators have found no evidence of terrorism in the October 31 crash of a Russian plane in the Sinai Peninsula.   A statement from the civil aviation ministry said the investigation is continuing, but that so far nothing has been found that indicates terrorism or some other illegal act.   This is VOA News. ______________________________________________________________ Words in This Newscast   foster – v. to help grow or develop momentum – n. the force or strength that something has when it moves envoy – n. a diplomat or representative foundation – n. something that provides support for something else implementation – n. the process of enacting a decision or plan; execution backed – v. supported confident – adj. demonstrating a feeling that you can do something well prevail – v. to defeat an opponent despite – preposition. without being prevented by something global – adj. of or related to the world strategy – n. a careful plan or method for reaching a goal preliminary – adj. coming before the main part of something aviation – adj. of or related to the flying of aircraft indicates – v. shows   We want to hear from you. Write to us in the comments section.

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What's Trending Today: Edward Norton and Serena Williams

  An act of kindness made American actor Edward Norton a trending topic on social media today. The actor started an online campaign to raise money for a Syrian refugee who is being resettled in the state of Michigan. The unnamed Syrian scientist shared his story with the website Humans of New York. The popular blog tells the life stories of strangers, mostly living in New York City. In recent months, Humans of New York has centered on the stories of refugees. The scientist is a father of seven. He lost his wife and a daughter in a missile strike in Syria. ​He is now suffering from stomach cancer, and needs advanced treatment once he arrives in the United States. Humans of New York posted the scientist’s story late last week. The post got the attention of Edward Norton. Over the weekend, he started a campaign on Crowdrise.com to raise money for the man’s medical expenses. By Monday afternoon, the campaign had raised more than $400,000. Norton wrote, “If we don’t welcome people like this into our communities and empower his dream of making an impact with his life, then we’re not the country we tell ourselves we are.” The Syrian scientist’s story also got the attention of President Barack Obama. He wrote a post on the on Humans of New York Facebook page. The president wrote, “As a husband and a father, I cannot even begin to imagine the loss you’ve endured. You and your family are an inspiration. I know that the great people of Michigan will embrace you with the compassion and support you deserve.” Obama’s comment on Facebook has received more than 170,000 ‘likes.’ Serena Williams The magazine Sports Illustrated named American tennis player Serena Williams the 2015 Sportsperson of the Year. Williams is the first woman to receive the honor since 1983. #Serena trended on Twitter worldwide. “Serena Williams” was the third-most popular search topic on Google today in the United States. Williams’ fans tweeted their approval of the sports magazine’s choice. ​But some were unhappy with the decision to give Williams the honor. They believed the racehorse American Pharaoh should have won. The horse had won the “people’s choice” poll by Sports Illustrated. ​ American Pharaoh won the 2015 Triple Crown in American horseracing. He also won the Breeders’ Cup Classic. In doing so, he completed the 'Grand Slam' of American horseracing. Twitter users pointed out while American Pharoah won a Grand Slam, Serena Williams fell short. She won the Australian Open, French Open and Wimbledon, but lost in the semifinal at the U.S. Open in September. But others on social media noted that a horse should not be able to win Sports Person of the Year. And that’s What’s Trending Today. I’m Ashley Thompson. _______________________________________________________________ Words in This Story   compassion –n. the feeling of wanting to help others poll – n. an activity in which several or many people are asked a question or a series of questions in order to get information about what most people think about something campaign – n. a series of activities designed to produce a particular result

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700,000 Evacuated as Typhoon Hits Philippines

The Philippines government says it evacuated 700,000 people from their homes as Typhoon Melor approaches. The storm arrived on Samar Island on Monday with 185-kilometer per hour winds. Forecasters say Melor is expected to bring ocean waves as high as four meters along with heavy rain, flooding and landslides. Up to 600,000 residents left the Albay province over concerns about landslides. Flights were cancelled and hundreds of fishing boats ordered to stay home. Typhoon Haiyan hit the Philippines two years ago, killing more than 7,000 people. So far, no deaths have been reported. But strong winds tore roofs from buildings and knocked down trees. The weather forecasting service Accuweather reports the typhoon is more compact than others that affect that part of the world. That will reduce the damage the typhoon causes as it moves toward the South China Sea. The storm should become less intense throughout the week but central Philippines could receive up to 300 millimeters of rain, while Manila will receive about half that amount. I’m ­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­­Dan Friedell.   This report was based on information from VOANews.com. Dan Friedell adapted this story for Learning English. He also used stories from The Associated Press and Accuweather. Kathleen Struck was the editor. What would you do if a typhoon were coming to your city? Would you evacuate? We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments section or on our Facebook page. ________________________________________________________________ Words in This Story   compact – adj. smaller than other things of the same kind forecast – n. a statement about what you think is going to happen in the future evacuate – v. to leave a dangerous place

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Wounded Veteran to Receive Penis Transplant

From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report. A wounded military veteran will soon be the first in the United States to receive a penis transplant. This news comes from doctors at the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in the U.S. state of Maryland. If successful, the patient could return to having normal urinary and sexual functions. The transplant penis will come from a young deceased male, doctors said. Dr. Richard Redett is one of the eight Hopkins surgeons on the transplant team. He told the Baltimore Sun newspaper that “it is nice to be able to say that the transplant is finally becoming a reality.” Redett is part of a large team. Nearly 30 medical personnel will be part of the complicated, 12-hour procedure. The operation will require careful stitching of blood vessels and nerves. Carisa Cooney is a clinical research manager at Johns Hopkins University. She told the BBC that the hospital had been preparing for the ethical questions such a surgery could bring up. She said that “for the right patients, this can really improve their quality of life and help them re-enter society.” With transplant surgeries, the risk of rejection and infection is great. This transplant is no different. To further complicate matters, some anti-rejection drugs can cause serious side effects. Doctors are the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine say they plan to provide penis transplants to 60 injured veterans as part of a trial. Doctors will monitor those who receive transplants in this trial for five years to determine if the operation is successful. According to the BBC, research indicates that up to seven percent of combat veterans suffer genital injuries. Many of these injuries come from blasts from improvised explosive devices. Last year, doctors in South Africa performed the first penis transplant. The patient had received a failed circumcision. Several months after the surgery, the patient was reportedly able to have an erection. This will allow him to father a child. I’m Anna Matteo.   This story was based on information from VOANews.com. Anna Matteo adapted it for Learning English. Kathleen Struck was the editor. What do you think about this development? Let us know in the Comments section or on our Facebook page, thanks! ______________________________________________________________ Words in This Story urinary – adj. relating to, occurring in, affecting, or constituting the organs concerned with the formation and discharge of urine deceased – adj. no longer living, especially recently dead individuals; can also be used as a noun < Is the deceased related to you? > genital – adj. of, relating to, or being a sexual organ circumcision – n. the religious custom of cutting off of the foreskin of males (also used as a sanitary measure in modern surgery) erection – n. the state in which a body part (such as the penis) becomes firm because of sexual excitement    

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stand (verb)

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Museum of American Diplomacy to Open in 2017

Consider this: There are more than 400 museums in the U.S. that celebrate the history of the military. But not a single one devoted to American diplomacy. That’s about to change. A new museum celebrating the history of American diplomacy is being built at the U.S. Department of State. The U.S. Diplomacy Center (USDC) will feature 238 years of American diplomatic history, as well as an education area for students interested in diplomatic careers. “The USDC project is unprecedented — the nation’s first education center and interactive museum dedicated to inspiring and educating the public about the history, practice and challenges of American diplomacy,” said Kathy A. Johnson, Director of the USDC. The U.S. Diplomacy Center has collected over 6,200 objects to display in the new, 20,000-square-foot museum. Among them is a portion of the Berlin Wall, after it fell in 1989.   “Diplomacy is not quite the world’s oldest profession, but it remains one of the most misunderstood,” wrote William Burns, a veteran American diplomat. Burns recently retired after spending 33 years at the U.S. Department of State. He is president of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace. The work of American diplomats “has never been more important or more worthwhile,” he wrote in Foreign Policy in October 2014. However, the American public may not be aware of the contributions of American diplomacy. Sometimes it is the simple things that can start a diplomatic movement. Among the museum’s collection is a ping-pong paddle given to former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger by Chinese table tennis champion Zhuang Zedong in 2007. Zhuang’s chance meeting with a member of the U.S. table tennis team in 1971 led to “ping-pong diplomacy” with China during the early 1970s, said the USDC. Kissinger’s diplomacy led to an historic accord between China and the United States. It was the first U.S. contact with China since the Communists had come to power.      The museum will show the achievements of American diplomats from the earliest days of the country. Benjamin Franklin, for example, was America’s first U.S. diplomat who won support for the American Revolution and negotiated peace with Great Britain.   Although the USDC is still under construction, it has a social media presence. Their Facebook and Twitter posts showcase USDC artifacts, highlight dates in U.S. diplomatic history, and promote their ongoing education programs. In addition, the USDC website Discover Diplomacy draws about 140,000 unique visitors per month. It “provides snapshots of work that U.S. diplomats conduct on a variety of issues around the world,” according to the USDC. The new museum will have a special hall devoted to education. Students can engage in mock diplomatic talks. The goal is to inspire young people to pursue careers in diplomacy. There will also be interactive maps and displays to illustrate how an embassy functions.  “We are building partnerships with universities and community colleges around the country that will enable us to develop conferences, programs, and media tools tailored to a student audience,” said Johnson.  Building started on the museum in 2014. Secretary of State John Kerry, along with five former Secretaries of State, were present for the ceremony. Once all the funding and design plans are completed, the museum is projected to open in 2017, said a spokesman for the project.  Private sector donors have provided $47 million to build the museum, according to the Diplomacy Center Foundation. The Foundation is a non-profit organization that is raising the money for the museum from various corporations, individuals and foundations. It still needs to raise an additional $20 million. I’m Mary Gotschall.      Mary Gotschall wrote this story for Learning English. Kathleen Struck was the editor. Do you have an opinion about this topic? Let us know what you think in the Comments section below, or on our Facebook page.  ______________________________________________________________ Words in This Story   museum – n. a building in which interesting and valuable things (such as paintings and sculptures or scientific or historical objects) are collected and shown to the public diplomacy – n.  the work of maintaining good relations between the governments of different countries unprecedented – adj. not done or experienced before interactive – adj. designed to respond to the actions, commands, etc., of a user ping pong – noun phrase  table tennis snapshot – n.  a quick view or a small amount of information that tells you a little about what someone or something is like  donor – n.  a person or group that gives something (such as money, food, or clothes) in order to help a person or organization mock – adj. done or performed to look like the real thing. projected – v. to plan or estimate something for the future

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Diaspora Finance Powers Global Development

Luis Lopez-Ramirez, a 30-year old Honduran immigrant, makes pizza. He has worked two jobs over 16 hours each day. He carefully saves his money and rents a small room in Washington, DC. He sends money back to Honduras to pay for the education of his two sons, whom he talks to every week by phone. He says he hopes to bring them to the U.S. to live with him one day. The money he sends home also bought a small house in the village of Santa Barbara, Honduras. He will return some day, he says, and start a business. But he left Honduras because the economy is terrible and wages are very low. “One pizza with all the toppings is the same price as one or two weeks of pay in Honduras,” says Lopez-Ramirez.  The money he sends back to Honduras is an example of remittances. Remittances help build the economies of poor countries. And it can lessen the burden on government aid programs. Experts say that these remittances, or diaspora finance, can fuel growth and create jobs in the developing world. Diasporas finance fuels global growth Diasporas have “not only powered the development of the United States, but also hold the potential for transforming countries around the world,” reports the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID). That money has a huge impact on global economics. The diaspora sends 16 times more than official U.S. development assistance, or $581 billion in remittances around the world every year. If the global diaspora were its own country, it would be the world’s fourth-largest nation, according to USAID. There are about 230 million people who live outside their country of origin, including legal as well as illegal immigrants. Here’s an example of how diaspora finance works on the local level: Isis Salmerone, a 26-year old Salvadorean immigrant in Maryland, has lived in America for six years. She worked with the Latino Economic Development Center (LEDC) to raise $11,000 from the local Salvadorean community and other local residents. Last month, she and a group of non-profit leaders and Salvadorean immigrants in Maryland travelled back to El Salvador and donated the money to a hospital in Morazan, El Salvador’s poorest region.  One-third of the population is foreign-born where Salmerone lives outside of Washington, D.C. Salvadoreans represent the largest group of those immigrants, according to Maryland’s Department of Legislative Services.   Support from the U.S. and World Bank The U.S. State Department is promoting diaspora finance for international development. “We’ve gone from an era where power lived almost exclusively in old establishment hierarchies to an era where power lives in networks,” says Secretary of State John Kerry. The World Bank also supports diaspora finance. Mahmoud Mohieldin is the president’s special envoy at the World Bank in Washington, D.C. Dilip Ratha is head of the World Bank Migration and Remittances Unit. They wrote that the remittances and savings of the diaspora are an “under-exploited resource.” It could play an important role in global development, they wrote. Throughout history, people have sought opportunity in other countries. And, they send money to family and friends back home. Those who receive the remittances spend one-third on savings and investment, such as education, buying land or starting a new business. The remainder is spent on basic daily needs.  “The challenge is to channel this income effectively,” the authors say. They wrote that remittances tend to be larger in poor and small economies, and “often provide the main lifeline in fragile or conflict-affected countries.” Diaspora funds can pay for health care, housing and businesses.  Remittances have reduced poverty in countries like Ghana, Bangladesh and Nepal. They are a major source of funding in many African countries, according to the International Monetary Fund (IMF). African migrants send at least $40 billion in remittances to African nations every year. Diaspora bonds to promote development Mohieldin and Ratha advocate the use of diaspora bonds to promote international development. The bonds could be in small amounts, such as $1,000, and carry interest rates of three percent to four percent. To succeed, diaspora bonds must be linked to development in places “where there is sufficient trust in government,” writes the World Bank authors. They should also be available to all investors, not just migrant savers, and be distributed widely. That would enable large sums to be used for development at “low, stable interest rates,” they write. Some developing countries are already using diaspora bonds. Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda and Zimbabwe have issued bonds to their diasporas, according to the IMF. Costs prevent remittances from reaching their full potential. Kanayo Nwanze is president of the United Nations Fund for Agricultural Development. He writes that “the average cost of sending money home has come down to below eight percent from 15 percent over the last five years.” But in parts of Africa, costs can be above 12 percent. “Reducing these costs to three percent would put more than $20 billion annually in the pockets of migrants and their relatives,” according to Nwanze.        India has been a leader in the use of diaspora bonds. The Indian Diaspora Investment Initiative, launched in February this year, seeks to harness the funds of more than two million people in the Indian diaspora in the United States, reported Devex. Devex is a media platform for the global development community. The Indian Diaspora Investment Initiative is a partnership between USAID and the Calvert Foundation, part of an investment firm in Maryland. Investors can purchase investment notes, sold in amounts as small as $20. Anyone can purchase the notes, although they are marketed to the Indian diaspora community. The notes will raise up to $10 million this year. The funds will be used to buy debt from Indian financial institutions, which will then lend to businesses in socially beneficial sectors like health, food security and education. Manpreet Anand is USAID’s deputy assistant administrator in the Asia Bureau. He tells Devex that the Indian initiative is the first project of its kind, and represents “a new model of development in the agency.” If the Indian model is successful, he says, “this can pave the way” and “be a model that is utilized in other countries around the world.” I’m Mary Gotschall.   Mary Gotschall wrote this story for Learning English. Kathleen Struck was the editor. Do you have an opinion about this topic? Let us know what you think in the Comments section below, or on our Facebook page.  ________________________________________________________________ Words in This Story   remittance – n. the act of sending money as a payment for something diaspora – n.  a group of people who live outside the area in which they had lived for a long time or in which their ancestors lived potential – n.  a quality that something has that can be developed to make it better transforming – v. to change (something) completely and usually in a good way migration – n.  to move from one country or place to live or work in another exploited – v.  to get value or use from (something) opportunity – n. a place where people have many chances to succeed, achieve things, etc. savings – n. a bank account in which people keep money that they want to save channel – v. to send (food, money, etc.) to someone or something income – n.  money that is earned from work, investments, business, etc. bonds – n. finance : an official document in which a government or company promises to pay back an amount of money that it has borrowed and to pay interest for the borrowed money harness – v.  to use (something) for a particular purpose  

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Florida is No. 1 for Americans on the Move

Florida is the state where Americans and immigrants choose most to settle, shows the latest research. Population continues to move from north to south in America. Florida is expected to add five million new residents by 2030, according to the state’s Office of Economic and Demographic Research. While Florida is growing, the states of Illinois, Ohio and Michigan have lost the largest numbers of residents.    In 2014, Florida’s population grew by over 108,000 people. The largest group packing their bags for the "Sunshine State" are young people right out of college. “Young people generally move more for education or for a job,” said Stefan Rayer, a population specialist at the University of Florida. “[Florida] is very attractive. It has big metropolitan areas. It has good job opportunities. That’s why people are moving to Florida.”  Florida’s population grew over 17 percent between 2000 and 2010, according to the U.S. Census Bureau. Twenty percent of Florida’s population are foreign immigrants, the American Immigration Council reported. Nearly 74 percent of the immigrants are from Latin America. Another 20 percent of foreigners relocating are from Europe and Asia. The state’s economy is staying healthy due to the population movement. Latino and Asian immigrants are adding $150 billion worth of purchases each year. Other American states that have been named as being attractive by movers were Texas, South Carolina and North Carolina. I'm Kelly Jean Kelly.   Jim Dresbach wrote this story for Learning English. Kathleen Struck was the editor. Which state would you like to visit or live in? We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments Section or visit our Facebook page. ________________________________________________________________ Words in This Story   demographic – n. the qualities, such as age, sex and income, of a specific group of people metropolitan – adj. relating to a large city and the surrounding cities and towns census – n. the official process of counting the number of people in a country, city or town and collecting information about them

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Could a Jolt to the Brain Stop Motion Sickness?

Some people can get motion sickness from being in moving vehicles such as cars or airplanes. But, a new device could stop motion sickness by suppressing some signals in the brain. Motion sickness occurs when the motion you sense with your inner ear is different from the motion you see. Symptoms of motion sickness are dizziness, nausea and vomiting. People have tried different ways to prevent the condition, including wrist bands and anti-nausea drugs. But often, nothing works. Now, scientists at Imperial College London are working on a device to counteract motion sickness. Michael Gresty is an expert on the condition. "You imagine being on a bicycle or motorbike; you go around the corner, you lean into the corner, which remains perfectly upright in physics.  "You don't do that in a car. You don't do that on a ship. You're actually struggling to find out what is upright and what's the best way of dealing with it." The device sends a weak electrical current through electrodes placed on a person’s head. The electric current appears to cause the brain to suppress signals that affect the inner ear. Researcher Qadeer Arshad says the scientists found “that it took longer for the individual to develop motion sickness and that they also recovered faster."  The next step is to test the device outside the laboratory. Michael Gresty says there are no reports of unwanted side effects from the small amounts of electricity released by the device. The researchers hope a device that plugs into a smart phone and attaches to the head will be available within 10 years. I’m Jonathan Evans.   VOA’s Deborah Block reported this story from Washington. Jonathan Evans adapted it for Learning English. Mario Ritter was the editor. Have you experienced dizziness, also known as vertigo? Let us know what it was like in the Comments section or on our Facebook page. _____________________________________________________________ Words in This Story   symptoms – n. a change in the body or mind which indicates that a disease or problem is present dizziness - n. lightheadedness; a feeling or spinning or movement nausea - n. an uneasy feeling in the stomach vomiting - n. expulsion of food or liquids from the mouth wrist band(s) - n. a colorful ring, usually worn around the wrist or arm suppress - v. to slow or stop the growth, development, or normal functioning of (something) plugs - v. to connect or link up to something attaches - v. connects

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