Hot Drinks Linked to Cancer

  From VOA Learning English, this is the Health & Lifestyle report. Next time you make yourself a hot cup of tea or coffee, you might want to let it cool down a bit before drinking. Researchers say letting your hot drinks cool off could help you avoid some kinds of cancer. In fact, the United Nations’ cancer research agency decided to list hot drinks with lead, gasoline and exhaust fumes as "possibly carcinogenic." In other words, each one could cause cancer. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) is part of the World Health Organization (WHO). The IARC published the findings in the medical journal Lancet Oncology. Researchers at IARC found evidence that drinks at temperatures above 65 degrees Celsius, when swallowed, can cause cancer of the esophagus. The researchers examined findings from other studies where tea and coffee were often served at 70 degrees Celsius or above. Those studies were completed in Iran, China and South America. In developed countries, health experts have linked esophageal cancer to smoking and alcoholic drinks. However, this form of cancer is more common in areas where people drink beverages at very high temperatures. In Europe and the United States, many people drink coffee and tea at temperatures around 60 degrees Celsius. And they often add milk which lowers the temperature considerably. However, tea-drinkers in Iran and maté-drinkers in South America often enjoy their beverages at closer to 70 degrees Celsius. Maté is a tea-like brew made by steeping the leaves of the yerba mate plant in near-boiling water. The researchers note that South Americans not only drink their maté very hot, they also drink it through a metal straw. This sends the scalding liquid directly into the throat.  The findings, however, are good news for coffee drinkers. In 1991, the World Health Organization listed coffee as “possibly carcinogenic.” WHO officials have since changed their position on that listing. They now suggest that the temperature of your hot drink is a greater risk factor than the actual drink itself. Christopher Wild is the director of the IARC. When he spoke with the AFP news agency, he said the results "suggest that drinking very hot beverages is one probable cause of esophageal cancer and that it is the temperature, rather than the drinks themselves, that appears to be responsible." The National Coffee Association called the change "great news for coffee drinkers." But how common is esophageal cancer? Worldwide, it is the eighth most common cancer. Cancer of the esophagus killed about 400,000 people in 2012. I’m Anna Matteo. Anna Matteo adapted this story for Learning English. George Grow was the editor. ________________________________________________________________ Words and Their Stories   brew – n. a cup or mug of tea or coffee. beverage – n. something you can drink : a liquid for drinking steep – v. to soak in a liquid at a temperature under the boiling point (as for softening, bleaching, or extracting an essence) maté – n. a tealike beverage drunk especially in South America scalding – adj. very hot gasoline – n. a liquid made from petroleum and used especially as a fuel for engines exhaust fumes – n. the mixture of gases produced by an engine carcinogenic – adj. medical : a substance that can cause cancer esophageal – adj. medical : the tube that leads from the mouth through the throat to the stomach factor – n. something that helps produce or influence a result : one of the things that cause something to happen  

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Supermoon Photos Around the World

  This is What’s Trending Today. Something called a “supermoon” rose at night on October 15 and 16. That is when the moon is full, closer to Earth than usual, and lit by the sun. NASA made a video explaining why the moon is sometimes closer to Earth than other times in its orbit. The moon’s orbit around Earth is not a perfect circle. It is shaped like an oval. The moon is about 48,000 kilometers closer to Earth on one side of its orbit than the other. A supermoon happens when the Earth is between the sun and the closer-than-usual moon. The sun lights up the moon during the Earth’s nighttime, and since it is closer than usual, it looks very large and bright. Last weekend’s supermoon was the first of three supermoons of 2016. The next supermoons will take place on November 14 and December 14. The November supermoon will be “extra super.” In fact, it will be the closest full moon of the 21st century, so far. The full moon will not be that close to Earth again until the year 2034.  Many people who saw the October supermoon took pictures. Bruce Neumann took a photo in New York City of the moon above the Statue of Liberty. NASA posted a time-lapse of the moon rising above the Antares rocket on its launch pad. A Twitter user in Greece posted a photo of the moon rising above the Acropolis site in Athens.  Another photographer posted a photo on Twitter of Cape Town, South Africa. It shows the moon above the glowing night lights of the city. People who saw the images reacted by posting comments. They used words like “amazing,” “phenomenal” and “stunning.”   And that’s What’s Trending Today. I’m Dan Friedell. Dan Friedell wrote this story for Learning English. Ashley Thompson was the editor. Did you see the supermoon? We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments Section or on our Facebook page. _______________________________________________________________ Words in This Story   oval – adj. having the shape of an egg : shaped like a circle that is longer than it is wide glowing – adj. having a warm color time-lapse – adj. used to describe a way of filming something in which many photographs are taken over a long period of time and are shown quickly in a series so that a slow action (such as the opening of a flower bud) appears to happen quickly amazing – adj. causing great surprise or wonder : causing amazement phenomenal – adj. very good or great : unusual in a way that is very impressive stunning – adj. very beautiful or pleasing

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‘Solar Tent’ Produces Better Results for Fishing Community in Malawi

  In the African country of Malawi, fishing is a way of life for people who live near lakes.   The fishers have several methods to dry the fish for market. But since the fishers dry their catch in the open air, about half of it decays. It slowly breaks down and goes bad. Now, solar tents are being used to help dry fish on Lake Chilwa, Malawi’s second-largest lake. The tents are helping communities to dry fish more effectively. When the fish dries quicker, less of it decays. It is ready for market sooner. The solar tent is made from clear plastic. The plastic is stretched over a large wooden structure. The tent looks like a greenhouse, a glass building where plants can grow in cold weather. Jennifer Mussa, a local fish trader, spoke to VOA. “When we collect fish from the lake, we dry them inside this solar fish dryer and it does not take long to dry because it is so hot,” she said. Dried fish is the main form of protein in Malawi. Fishing also employs over 50,000 people there, according to the Reuters news service. Traditionally, the fishers have other ways to dry the fish. They include frying, smoking, or placing them on wire racks. But, by using those methods, the fish can decay during the drying process. Some animals try to eat the catch. The solar tent protects the fish. Mangani Katandu is a fisheries expert from the University of Malawi. He told VOA that the solar tents decrease the time needed to dry the fish. “Normally, they would take one-and-a-half to two days to dry. In here, they will put it in in the morning; by the evening, they would be taking the fish out.” The solar tents have also helped the fish traders get higher prices at market for cleaner, better-quality fish. Financing for the tents came from Cultivate Africa’s Future, a joint project between Canada and Australia. The project works to improve fishing and farming methods with simple innovations or machinery. The goal is to increase access to food, resources, and markets for the communities. The project urges people to use energy-saving kiln ovens to smoke fish, not open fires. This helps the environment because people will need to cut down fewer trees for firewood. Loveness Mphongo, another fish trader, said there are good reasons for using solar tents. “We are using very little wood and it takes a short time to smoke lots of fish,” she said. Fishing communities on Lake Malawi are also using solar tents. Lake Malawi is the third-largest lake in Africa. I’m Alice Bryant.   Deborah Block reported this story for VOANews.com. Alice Bryant adapted her report for Learning English. George Grow was the editor. We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments Section. ________________________________________________________________ Words in This Story   decay - v. to be slowly destroyed by natural processes; to be slowly broken down by the natural processes that destroy a dead plant or body solar - adj. of or relating to the sun tent - n. a portable shelter that is used outdoors and is held up with poles and ropes preserve - v. to keep (something) in its original state or in good condition rack - n. a frame or stand that has shelves, hooks, slots, etc., in which or on which you place things innovation - n. a new idea, device, or method access - n. a way of being able to use or get something kiln - n. an oven or furnace that is used for hardening, burning, or drying something

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October 17, 2016

A look at the best news photos from around the world.

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Why is the U.S. General Election Held on a Tuesday in November?

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Chimps Finding a Happy Ending

  Paper plates full of fruit, a colorful sign and dolls for children were all part of a birthday party recently in the American state of Washington. The party was for a chimpanzee named Foxie. Foxie has been living at the Chimpanzee Sanctuary Northwest in Washington since 2008. She was born in a Texas laboratory in 1976, and recently celebrated her 40th birthday. Foxie is a rescue chimp. The party was a nice change from her painful past.  Used for medical research For years, Foxie was used for medical research in hepatitis experiments. Hepatitis is the name for several diseases that affect the liver. The virus can be deadly in human beings. Researchers operated on Foxie as a test animal. They performed biopsies, removing and testing her tissue for signs of the disease. While at the laboratory, she gave birth to four chimps who were taken from her. Diana Goodrich works at the Chimpanzee Sanctuary Northwest. On a windy day, she spoke about Foxie and the rescue program. “She (Foxie) was really wary when she first came. Really kind of fearful and uncertain.” Her story is similar to hundreds of other chimpanzees who have been used for medical research. Goodrich says the sanctuary has chimps that “have signs of depression and post-traumatic stress disorder.” Chimpanzees are the closest relative genetically to humans. We share almost 99 percent of the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). DNA contains the genetic directions organisms need to develop, live and reproduce. Chimps have been important in developing medicines. They also helped clear the way for astronauts to go into space. A chimp named Ham flew in space before the first man. Declining use in research But the use of chimpanzees in research has been shrinking in recent years. An Institute of Medicine report in 2011 said science had improved so much that most research on chimps was no longer justified. Three years ago, the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) said it was ending research on the animals. Then, in 2015, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service declared captive chimpanzees “endangered” -- just like the chimps in the wild. This means any use of chimps that could harm or kill them would require a special permit. Kathleen Conlee is with The Humane Society, a group that worked to end medical research on chimpanzees. “The laboratories have now realized they don’t have a use for chimpanzees anymore so it’s in their interest financially to not be involved in the business of holding onto chimpanzees anymore.” Moving chimps to sanctuaries NIH officials are working with groups like Project Chimps and others to retire all of its apes to protected spaces in Louisiana and Georgia. The NIH said it wants its last chimpanzees to move to Louisiana by fall 2026. Conlee says bringing an end to experimenting on chimps means it is a story with a happy ending. “I think the most exciting thing about this campaign is that no other animal protection issue, you usually don’t see an end. There is an end in sight and a, and a great ending for these chimpanzees.” Now, homes need to be found for the more than 660 chimps who were once used in government research and private labs. That will cost a lot of money. After building and transportation costs, Conlee says housing a chimp will cost as much as $20,000 a year. Foxie found her home in Washington State, but Diana Goodrich says finding homes for all the chimps is not easy. “There's not space right now for them. So, it’s a matter of getting enough money to build and expand the sanctuaries that exist.” Foxie lives with six other chimps. All were once used for hepatitis experiments. The sanctuary will add two to four more chimps to Foxie’s group. Meanwhile, Foxie seems to be happy with her “troll” dolls -- children’s playthings. The dolls looks like small people, with long, colorful hair and a face that looks a little like an ape. Goodrich says Foxie “immediately fell in love” with the first troll doll she saw. She carries one around on her back like a baby. She cares for them and hugs them. Goodrich said Foxie is no longer afraid, and has turned out to be the peacemaker in her group. I’m Anne Ball.   ​ Ball wrote this story for Learning English with information from a report  by VOA's Kevin Enochs. George Grow was the editor. We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments Section and visit us on our Facebook page. Try this quiz to check your understanding of this story. ____________________________________________________________ Words in This Story   doll - n. a child’s toy that looks like a human figure sanctuary – n. a safe place decoration – n. something that is added to something to make it more attractive hepatitis – n. a virus that causes disease that can be deadly biopsy – n. a medical procedure that requires removing tissue from a body and examining it for disease wary – adj. not having trust in someone or something depression – n. a mental condition of feeling sad post-traumatic stress disorder – n. a mental health condition that comes from a terrifying event, either by experiencing it or seeing it ape – n. a type of animal, like chimpanzees and gorillas, that are closely related to monkeys and humans and are covered in hair and have a very short tail or no tail

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Labor Union Members Do Not Always Vote as Unions Want

  American politicians have long appealed to organized labor for support during election campaigns. The politicians know that thousands of labor union members generally vote for the candidates supported by their union leaders. Most of the leaders support the Democratic Party and its candidates. And once in elected office, many Democrats support organized labor. But as the number of unions and membership has fallen over the past half century, so has the loyalty of union members to the Democratic Party. VOA reporter Carolyn Presutti traveled to the state of Ohio to find out which side is winning the union votes there. Johnny Nickum is 33 years old. He likes working with wood, and hopes to become a carpenter.    Nickum once worked in the hospitality industry. Many Americans work at restaurants, hotels or other hospitality businesses. Yet he found little growth in that field. So he changed careers, moving to manual labor. His union supports former Secretary of State Hillary Clinton for president. But in a few weeks, on Election Day, Nickum will vote for her opponent, businessman Donald Trump. “I’d probably vote Trump right now.”   Labor unions were once a powerful voice in American politics. Some unions still are. But in recent years, many businesses have closed or moved overseas. Millions of factory jobs that were once performed by union members no longer exist. Union membership has sharply declined. In the late 1960s, when Clinton and Trump were in college, one in four American workers belonged to a union. That number has dropped to one in 10 now. Union membership was highest in 1979, when there were 21 million. There are now 15 million union members nationwide. Unions represent about 670,000 workers in Ohio. Don Vargo worked 52 years in the state’s steel mills and mines. Vargo says he is not sure whom he will support on election-day. “One day I’m going to vote for Trump; next day I’m going to vote for Hillary. Next day, I ain’t going vote for any of them, you know what I mean?” Leaders of his union, the United Mine Workers of America, have yet to express support for a presidential candidate. Cecil Roberts is the head of the union. “This election’s tough for us at the very top because our people are so upset about losing their jobs over the course of the last few years. And we don’t have a recession in Appalachia -- we have a straight up depression.” Johnny Nickum understands that labor unions have lost members and power. But he will not use his vote to try to help his union. He says he will make his own choice. “You don’t have to be a follower all the time. That’s the best part of democracy is being able to choose and think for yourself.” I’m Marsha James.  VOA Correspondent Carolyn Presutti reported this story from Cleveland Ohio. Christopher Jones-Cruise adapted her report for Learning English. George Grow was the editor. We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments Section, or visit our Facebook page. ________________________________________________________________ Words in This Story   carpenter – n. a person whose job is to make or fix wooden objects or wooden parts of buildings hospitality – n. the activity of providing food, drinks, etc. for people who are the guests or customers of an organization — often used before another noun manual labor – n. physical work mill – n. a building in which a particular product is made straight up – expression used for emphasis

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Indian Police Make Arrests in Plot to Steal Money from Americans

Last week, Indian police arrested at least 70 people suspected of stealing money from people in the United States. The police said people working at a call center in India spoke with the U.S. citizens by telephone. They said the callers acted like they were working for the Internal Revenue Service (IRS), the federal agency that collects income taxes. About 200 police officers raided three buildings in Thane, a community near the city of Mumbai. Police said the workers used phones in those buildings to call the Americans. Parambir Singh is the police commissioner in Thane. He said that about 700 people worked in the buildings, which were open all day and night. Singh said the workers would call Americans and tell them that they owe taxes. If the Americans failed to pay the money immediately, the callers threatened to send police in 30 minutes. Police believe U.S. citizens sent the call center as much as $150,000 a day. They say the victims were told to buy prepaid cash cards and make online payments of $500 to $3,000.  The Internal Revenue Service has been telling Americans that it will not send police to arrest them. It also says IRS agents do not threaten people. The agency tells people not to send money electronically to callers who are demanding that method of payment. Indian officials say the call center workers kept more than two-thirds of the money. The rest was kept by people helping them in the United States. In India, hundreds of Western companies use large companies that employ English-speaking workers. These workers either answer questions from callers overseas or process payments. The employees are usually trained to use sound like people in the countries from which the customers are calling. Police said those working at the call center were trained to sound like Americans. Indian police said they planned to share information about the raid with American officials. Police believe the plot discovered in Mumbai may have also targeted people in Britain and Australia. I’m Mario Ritter.   VOA’s Anjana Pasricha reported this story from New Delhi. Christopher Jones-Cruise adapted her report for Learning English. George Grow was the editor. We want to hear from you. Write to us in the Comments Section, or visit our Facebook page. _____________________________________________________________ Words in This Story   income – n. money earned from work or investments commissioner – n. an official who is responsible for a government agency or part of a government office customer – n. an individual who buys goods or services from a business

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Modern Builders Construct French Castle the Old-Fashioned Way

    In France, a man walks on what can only be described as a human-sized hamster wheel. The wheel moves around and around, as the man keeps walking. What is he doing? He is lifting a heavy object to the top of a tower the same way workers moved such objects 800 years ago. In the 13th century, workers did not have the 100-meter tall cranes they now use to build tall buildings. So they had to be creative and come up with simple machines to get their work done. The man on the large wheel is walking at a reasonable speed. The wheel turns and pulls a rope connected to a pulley at the top of the tower. Another rope tied to the pulley lifts supplies from the ground. This is just one way skilled craftsmen are building a 13th-century castle without using modern tools. Crews have been working on the castle since 1997. It is being built in the Burgundy area of central France. Organizers expect the work to last another 10 to 15 years. That means it will take close to 30 years to finish the project. The crews are making progress at about half the speed of the workers from 800 years ago. That is because many of them are accustomed to using modern tools. When the crews use heavy chisels and hammers to break rock, as they did hundreds of years ago, they are learning as they go. The goal of the project is to learn more about old building techniques in case they might be of use today. Clement Guerard, 44, is a stonemason; he cuts and builds with stone. He has been working on the castle for 17 years. He said one way he is able to work on something like this for so long is by forgetting “some of the pace of modern life, to be able to adapt to working by hand.” At a given time, about 40 people are working on the project. One of them is Nick Platt, a retiree from Britain. He wants to improve his building skills. “I don't like using electric tools, except perhaps drills,” he said. “So when I came here, I found the use of hand tools was natural. But the saws that we use are very, very different and initially quite cumbersome to use. But now I find they are eminently perfect for the job." Platt is one of hundreds of people who volunteer their time. Many tourists come to watch the crews at work. Tourist donations fund the project so it can continue. One visitor, Nathalie Bonis, said the workers have made a lot of progress in 10 years. “We now understand the time taken to build a castle,” she said. “It's extraordinary to see these men from back then who could build such a thing with the strength of their arms and their sweat.” I’m Dan Friedell. Kevin Enochs wrote this story for VOANews.com based on a story by Reuters. Dan Friedell adapted his report for Learning English. George Grow was the editor. What do you think of the castle-building project? We want to know. Write to us in the Comments Section or on our Facebook page. ______________________________________________________________ Words in This Story   hamster – n. a small animal that is kept in some homes pulley – n. a wheel or set of wheels that is used with a rope or chain, to lift or lower heavy objects technique – n. a way of doing something by using special knowledge or skill stonemason – n. a person who cuts, prepares, and builds with stone heritage – n. traditions or beliefs that are part of the history of a group or nation pace – n. the speed at which something happens adapt – v. to change your behavior so that it is easier to live in a particular place or situation drill – n. a tool used for making holes in hard substances saw – n. a tool that has a blade with sharp teeth and that is used to cut through wood, metal, and other hard material cumbersome – adj. hard to deal with because of size or weight castle – n. a large building usually with high, thick walls and towers that was built in the past to protect against attack

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Everyday Grammar: Have, Has, and Had

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Lesson 32: Welcome to the Treehouse!

Summary Anna introduces her new partner, MINDY. They are working together on the new children's show: "The Time Traveling Treehouse." Then, some coworkers watch the show. What will they think of the show? Will they like it? Speaking In this video, learn to say the new words for this lesson. You can also learn about direct and indirect objects. Pronunciation Use this video to learn about pronouncing two interjections: "Aw, man!" and "Woo-hoo!" Conversation Anna: Hello! Today is a big day. My first children’s show is on television! Woo-hoo! I’m excited and nervous. Ms. Weaver: Hello, Anna. Anna: Hello, Ms. Weaver! Ms. Weaver: Some people are going to watch your children’s show. After they watch it, they’ll tell me what they liked, and what they didn’t like. Anna: Oh, dear. Ms. Weaver: They’re in the conference room. They’re in the conference room. Anna: Hello, everyone. I’m Anna, and thanks for coming! Coworker 2: What is the show about? Anna: It’s a children’s show. Coworker 1: But we are not children! Anna: This children's show is different. I hope. Coworker 3: I don’t really like children's shows. Anna: Shhh, please. The show is starting! Anna: Oh, hi! Just give me one minute ….oops! Oh well. I can fix that later. Anna: Hello, I’m Anna! Welcome to “The Time Traveling Treehouse!” This is not a usual treehouse. It can time travel! That is why it’s called "The Time Traveling Treehouse." MINDY: Anna, do not forget me. Anna: Of course not! This is my partner, MINDY! MINDY: My name means Massive Information Navigation Device, for You! Anna: That means we can travel to many places and learn many things. Kids from all over the world ask us questions. We find them answers! MINDY: Woo-hoo! That is right, Anna. Anna: MINDY, what is our first question? MINDY: Layla asks us this question. Layla: Hello, Anna! Hello, MINDY! I'd like to know -- how do you play baseball? Anna: That is a great question! MINDY, we need to find her an answer! MINDY: I know that we can find it, Anna! Anna: Where am I now? MINDY, now I am on a snowy mountain! MINDY: That is a good place to learn how to ski. Anna: Yes, MINDY, but it cannot teach us about baseball! And I don’t know how to ski! MINDY: Sorry, Anna. Let’s try again. Anna: Where I am now!? MINDY, I am in the ocean! An ocean cannot teach us about baseball! MINDY: Please don’t yell, Anna. The ocean can teach us about surfing. Anna: Yes, MINDY, it can teach us about surfing … and sharks! Ahhh! MINDY: Anna, please wait. I need to fix my navigation device Anna: MINDY, please fix it faster. And get me out of here … now! Announcer: Whoa! Is Anna going to be lost forever? Next week, you can watch part two of “The Time Traveling Treehouse!” Coworker 1: Aw, man! Will the shark eat her? Coworker 2: Will Anna find the answer? Coworker 3: Please tell me the ending! Anna: So, you liked it? Coworkers: Yes! Anna: Well, you can watch the ending next week! Coworkers: Noooooo! Anna: Don’t forget to watch next week! Writing What do you think of Anna's new show? Does it remind you of a children's show you watched? Tell us about your opinion of Anna's show and suggest other questions for Anna to answer.  Write to us by email or in the Comments section. Click on the image below to download the Activity Sheet and practice using interjections with a friend. Learning Strategy Learning Strategies are the thoughts and actions that help make learning easier or more effective. The learning strategy for this lesson is Monitor.  Monitor means to notice how well you are understanding or bring understood. It can also mean identifying problems in communication. This strategy helps us learn, because after we find a communication problem, we can decide how to solve it. In this week's video, Anna monitors what MINDY is doing. She finds that there is a problem: she is not going to a place where she can learn about baseball. She tells MINDY, "It cannot teach us about baseball!"  Can you find an example in the lesson of MINDY monitoring, or finding out about a problem? Write to us about it in the Comments section or send us an email. Teachers, see the Lesson Plan  for more details on teaching this strategy. Quiz Listen to short videos and test your listening skills with this quiz. ​______________________________________________________________ New Words INTERJECTIONS aw- interjection. used to express mild disappointment or sympathy man - interjection. used to express frustration oops - interjection. used to express surprise or distress or to say in a mild way that you are sorry about having done or said something wrong shhh - interjection. used to tell someone to be quiet whoa - interjection. used to tell someone to slow down or stop and think about something woo-hoo- interjection. used to express excitement GENERAL VOCABULARY answer - n. something you say or write when someone asks you a question ask - v. to say or write something to someone as a way of gaining information device - n. an object, machine, or piece of equipment that has been made for some special purpose ending - n. the final part of something fix to make (something) whole or able to work properly againorto repair (something) information - n. knowledge that you get about someone or something such asfacts or details about a subject massive - adj. very large and heavy mountain- n. an area of land that rises very high above the land around it and that is higher than a hill navigation - n. the act, activity, or process of finding the way to get to a place when you are traveling in a ship, airplane or car partner - n. one of two or more people or businesses that work together or do business together shark- n. a large and often dangerous sea fish with very sharp teeth ski- v. to move or glide on a pair of long narrow pieces of wood over snow or water surf - v. to ride on ocean waves using a special board (called a surfboard) travel- v. to go to a place that is far away treehouse- n. a small house that is built among the branches of a tree for children to play in ______________________________________________________________ Free Materials   Download the VOA Learning English Word Book for a dictionary of the words we use on this website. Each Let's Learn English lesson has an Activity Sheet for extra practice on your own or in the classroom. In this lesson, you can use it to practice using interjections and monitoring. For Teachers ​ See the Lesson Plan for this lesson for ideas and more teaching resources. Send us an email if you have comments on this course or questions. Grammar focus: Direct and indirect objects; Interjections​ Topics:  Requesting help or information; Talking about technology; Politely disagreeing Learning Strategy: Monitor​ / Identify Problems Speaking & Pronunciation Focus: Indirect objects; Interjections  _ ____________________________________________________________ Now it's your turn. Send us an email or write to us in the Comments section below or on our Facebook page to let us know what you think of this lesson.

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